Monga njira yoyambira yopanga ndi mbiri ya zaka 6000, teknoloji yoponyera siikhala ndi mbiri yakale yokha, koma nthawi yomweyo yatenga matekinoloje atsopano, zipangizo zatsopano ndi njira zatsopano zomwe zimapangidwira mu sayansi yamakono panthawi. Tili ndi udindo wopititsa patsogolo makampani opanga zinthu. Mfundo zotsatirazi ndi zina mwamalingaliro athu a chitukuko chamtsogolo chamchenga.
1 Ukadaulo wa Foundry ukupita patsogolo pakupulumutsa mphamvu komanso kupulumutsa zinthu
Popanga kupanga, mphamvu zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posungunula zitsulo. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kufunika consumables mu njira kuponyera mchenga ndi lalikulu. Choncho, mmene bwino kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi zipangizo ndi nkhani yaikulu akukumana mchenga kuponyera zomera. Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi izi:
1) Landirani ukadaulo wapamwamba wopanga mchenga, ukadaulo wopanga ndi zida. MuKuponyera mchenga kupanga ndondomeko, kuthamanga kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa static, kuthamanga kwa jekeseni ndi zida zowombera mpweya ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito momwe zingathere. Ndipo momwe mungathere kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga wodziumitsa,kutaya thovu, kuponyera vacuum ndi kuponyera kwapadera (mongakuponya ndalama, kuponya chitsulo nkhungu) ndi matekinoloje ena.
2) Kubwezeretsa mchenga ndikugwiritsanso ntchito. Poponyera mbali zachitsulo zopanda chitsulo, zitsulo zachitsulo ndi zitsulo, malinga ndi kutentha kwa mchenga, kuchira kwa mchenga wakale wopangidwanso ndi makina kumatha kufika 90%. Pakati pawo, kuphatikizika kwa mchenga wobwezeretsanso ndi kubwezeretsanso konyowa ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yotsika mtengo.
3) Kubwezeretsanso zomatira. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kuponyera ndikodetsedwa ndi njira youma ndipo zomatira zimakhalabe mumchenga, njira yoyenera ingapangitse kuti zomatira zigwiritsidwenso ntchito, motero kuchepetsa kwambiri mtengo wa zomatira.
4) Kusinthika kwa nkhungu ndi zida za nkhungu.
2 Kuchepa kwa kuipitsa kapena kusaipitsa konse
Malo opangira mchenga amatulutsa madzi otayira ambiri, gasi wotayirira komanso fumbi panthawi yopanga. Choncho, foundry si lalikulu mphamvu wonyeketsa banja, komanso lalikulu kuipitsa gwero. Makamaka ku China, kuipitsa m'mafakitale ndikovuta kwambiri kuposa m'maiko ena. Pakati pawo, fumbi, mpweya ndi zinyalala zolimba zomwe zimachotsedwa ku zomera zopangira mchenga ndizoopsa kwambiri. Makamaka m'zaka zaposachedwa, malamulo a ku China oteteza zachilengedwe akhala okhwimitsa zinthu kwambiri, ndipo mabungwe oyambitsa mabungwe amayenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti athetse kuwononga chilengedwe. Kuti apange mchenga wobiriwira komanso woyera, zomangira zobiriwira ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito momwe zingathere, kapena zomangira zochepa kapena zosagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zina mwa njira zopangira mchenga zomwe zikukhudzidwa pano, kutaya thovu, kuponyera kwa V ndi kuponya mchenga wa sodium silicate ndizogwirizana ndi chilengedwe. Chifukwa kutaya thovu ndi V ndondomeko kuponyera ntchito youma mchenga chitsanzo safuna zomangira, pamene sodium silicate mchenga kuponyera ntchito organic binders.
3 Kulondola kwapamwamba komanso mawonekedwe a geometric a castings
Ndi chitukuko cha njira yolondola yopangira zinthu zosasoweka, kulondola kwa gemometical ndi dimensional kwa mapangidwe a gawo kukukula kuchokera pafupi ndi net shape mpaka net shape forminig, ndiko kuti, pafupifupi palibe malire. Kusiyana pakati pa zoponya zopanda kanthu ndi zigawo zofunikira zikucheperachepera. Pambuyo popanga zina zopanda kanthu, amayandikira kapena kufika pa mawonekedwe omaliza ndi kukula kwa ziwalozo, ndipo akhoza kusonkhanitsidwa mwachindunji akupera.
4 Zowonongeka zochepa kapena zopanda
Chizindikiro china cha kuponyera roughness ndi mbali kupanga mlingo ndi chiwerengero, kukula ndi kuwonongeka kwa kuponyera zilema. Chifukwa chakuti ntchito zotentha ndi zoponyera zitsulo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri komanso zimakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zambiri, kuponyera zolakwika kumakhala kovuta kupewa. Komabe, zolakwika zochepa kapena zosawerengeka ndizo zomwe zidzachitike m'tsogolomu. Pali njira zingapo zothandiza:
1) Landirani ukadaulo wapamwamba kuti muwonjezere kachulukidwe ka kapangidwe ka aloyi ndikuyala maziko opezera zomveka.
2) Gwiritsani ntchito pulogalamu yoyeserera kuti muyesere momwe mungapangire pasadakhale pasadakhale. Malinga ndi zotsatira kayeseleledwe, ndondomeko kamangidwe wokometsedwa kuzindikira kupambana kamodzi akamaumba ndi nkhungu mayesero.
3) Limbikitsani kuwunika kwa njira ndikuchita ntchito motsatira malangizo omwe aperekedwa.
4) Limbikitsani kuyesa kosawononga pakupanga, pezani magawo osafunikira munthawi yake ndikuchitapo kanthu koyenera kukonza ndi kukonza.
5) Dziwani kufunikira kwa vuto lalikulu pofufuza ndikuwunika chitetezo ndi kudalirika kwa magawowo.
5 Kupanga kopepuka kwa ma castings.
Popanga magalimoto onyamula anthu,magalimoto, ndi zida zina zoyendera, momwe mungachepetsere kulemera kwa zigawo ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mphamvu za ziwalozo ndizowonekera kwambiri. Pali mbali ziwiri zazikulu zopezera kuchepetsa kulemera. Imodzi ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zopepuka, ndipo ina ndiyo kuchepetsa kulemera kwa ziwalozo kuchokera ku kamangidwe kake. Chifukwamchenga castingskukhala ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu pamapangidwe apangidwe, ndipo palinso zipangizo zambiri zachitsulo ndi zatsopano zomwe mungasankhe, kuponya mchenga kungathandize kwambiri kupanga zopepuka.
6 Kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopano monga kusindikiza kwa 3D pakupanga nkhungu
Ndi chitukuko ndi kukhwima kwa 3D luso kusindikiza, komanso kwambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito m'munda kuponyera. Poyerekeza ndi chitukuko cha nkhungu chachikhalidwe, ukadaulo wosindikiza wa 3D ukhoza kupanga zisankho zofunikira pamtengo wotsika. Monga luso lachangu la prototyping, kusindikiza kwa 3D kungapereke kusewera kwathunthu pazabwino zake pakupanga zitsanzo zamayesero ndi magawo ang'onoang'ono a ma castings.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-25-2020