Kutsika muzojambula ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimakhudza kwambiri khalidwe ndi kukhulupirika kwa chinthu chomaliza. Kumvetsetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya shrinkage yokhudzana ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, monga kuponya zitsulondichitsulo chachitsulo, komanso zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofooka monga ming'alu ya shrinkage ndi ming'alu yotentha, ndizofunikira pakuchita bwino kwa kuponyera.
Shrinkage mu Cast Steel ndi Cast Iron
Pokambirana za kuchepa, ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa pakati pa zinthu ziwiri zoyambirira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga:kuponya zitsulondichitsulo chachitsulo. Zida zonsezi zikuwonetsa kuchepa, koma njira ndi mitengo zimatha kusiyana.
Chitsulo chotayira nthawi zambiri chimachepa pafupifupi pafupifupi1.5% mpaka 2%kuyambira kusungunuka kwake kufikira kulimba kwake. Kuchepa uku kumachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kutentha kwa zinthu pamene kuzizira. Mosiyana ndi izi, chitsulo chosungunuka chimakhala ndi chiwopsezo chokwera kwambiri, nthawi zambiri kuzungulira2% mpaka 3%. Kuchepa kowonjezera mu chitsulo choponyedwa kungayambitsidwe ndi kapangidwe kake, komwe kumaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa kaboni komwe kumakhudza kulimba kwake.
Kuchepa kwenikweni kwa Castings
Kuchulukira kwenikweni kumatanthauza kusintha konse komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuponyedwa kuchokera kumadzi ake kupita kumalo ake olimba. Izi zitha kuphatikizira kuchepa kwa volumetric panthawi yozizira komanso zotsatira za kulimba. Kukonzekera koyenera ndi kuwerengera kwa geometry yoponyera ndikofunikira kuti zigwirizane ndi kuchepa uku, chifukwa kulephera kutero kungayambitse zolakwika za dimensional ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina.
Shrinkage Cavities ndi Porosity
Mitsempha ya shrinkage, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti shrinkage voids, imachitika pamene chitsulo chamadzimadzi chimalephera kudzaza nkhungu chifukwa cha kusadya mokwanira panthawi yolimba. Chodabwitsa ichi chikhoza kubweretsa mfundo zofooka pakuponya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kulephera pansi pa katundu. Kumbali inayi, porosity - yomwe nthawi zambiri imawoneka poponya - imayamba chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa gasi kapena njira zothira molakwika, zomwe zimatha kutsitsanso kukhulupirika kwa kapangidwe kake.
Kuthamanga Kwambiri ndi Kutaya Kupanikizika
Kutentha kotentha ndi chinthu chinanso chofunikira pakuponya. Izi zimachitika pamene kuponya kukadali pa kutentha kwakukulu koma kwayamba kale kulimba. Kupsinjika komwe kumabwera panthawi yozizirira kumatha kupitilira kulimba kwa zinthuzo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziphwanyike. Kuwongolera kuzizira komanso kumvetsetsa kutentha kwa zinthu kungathandize kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa kuphulika kotentha.
Cold Cracking ndi Deformation
Kuzizira kozizira kumachitika pamene kuponyera kwazirala mpaka kutentha kwa chipinda ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhala chifukwa cha kupanikizika kotsalira. Zopanikizikazi zimatha kuchitika chifukwa chozizira mosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutsika kosiyana panthawi yonseyi. Kupanikizika kotereku kungayambitsenso kupunduka, kukhudza mawonekedwe ake omaliza komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake.
Kuti muchepetse kusweka kwa kuzizira ndi kupindika, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoziziritsira zoziziritsa kukhosi komanso njira zochepetsera nkhawa panthawi komanso pambuyo poponya.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-25-2024