Njira Zopangira Mchenga Wopanga Mchenga
1. Kupanga Zitsanzo
Mitundu ya utomoni kapena aluminiyamu idzakhala yofunikira pakuponya mchenga wobiriwira. Popanda mapangidwe, kupanga kwa castings sikungatheke. Nthawi zina, mapatani amatabwa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga pang'ono, koma popanga misala, utomoni kapena ma aluminiyamu amakhala oyenera.
2. Kuumba Njira
Mchenga wobiriwira wobiriwira ukhoza kupangidwa ndi njira zitatu, kuphatikizapo kuumba kwamanja, makina opangira makina ndi zida zopangira zokha. Buku akamaumba ndi chikhalidwe akamaumba njira, koma akadalipo chifukwa cha mphamvu zake castings lalikulu pa mtengo wotsika. Njira yamakina omangira imatha kupulumutsa anthu ogwira ntchito ndikupanga zopangira zabwinoko, koma sizingapange ma castings akulu chifukwa chakuchepa kwake kwa mabokosi amchenga.
3. Kusungunuka kwa Iron ndi Kuthira
Kusungunula kutha kuchitidwa ndi ng'anjo zapakatikati zamagetsi zamagetsi, zomwe zimatha kukhala zabwino komanso zokhazikika poyerekeza ndi ng'anjo zakale.
4. Kuphulika kwa Mchenga ndi Kupera
Pambuyo pochotsa zitsulo zamchenga zobiriwira kuchokera ku nkhungu zamchenga, zimasinthidwa kukhala masitepe otsatirawa kuti awombere kapena kuwomba kuti achotse mchenga ndi okusayidi kunja kwa zigawozo. Kenako ogwira ntchito adzadula, kuyeretsa ndi kupera mitu yolowera, zokwera, zolekana ndi m'mbali zakuthwa.
Kukonza kwina monga kuchiritsa kutentha, kukonza makina olondola ndi chithandizo chapamwamba kungapitirire ngati zojambulazo kapena ogwiritsa ntchito angafunike.
Aluminiyamu ndi ma aloyi ake amatha kuponyedwa ndikutsanulidwa ndi kuponyera kwamphamvu kwambiri, kuponyera kufa, kuponyera mphamvu yokoka, kuponya mchenga, kuponyera ndalama ndikutaya thovu. Nthawi zambiri, zotayira za aluminiyamu zimakhala zolemera pang'ono koma zimakhala zovuta komanso zowoneka bwino.
Kalasi ya Aluminium ya Cast mu Miyezo Yosiyana | |||||||||
AISI | W-otsika | DIN | BS | SS | AFNOR | JIS | UNI | EN | ISO |
A356 | 3.2371 | G-AlSi7Mg | Mtengo wa LM25 | 4244 | A-S7G | AC4C | - | 42000 | AlSi7Mg |
- | 3.2373 | G-AlSi9Mg | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
A360 | 3.2381 | G-AlSi10Mg | LM9 | 4253 | A-S10G | - | - | 43100 | AlSi10Mg |
A413.2 | 3.2581 | G-AlSi12 | LM6 | 4261 | A-S12U | AC3A | - | 44100 | AlSi12 |
A413.0 | 3.2582 | GD-AlSi12 | - | 4247 | - | - | - | - | - |
A413.1 | 3.2583 | G-AlSi12(Cu) | LM20 | 4260 | A-S12 | - | - | 47000 | AlSi12(Cu) |
- | 3.3561 | G-AlMg5 | LM5 | 4252 | A-SU12 | AC4A | - | 51300 | ALMg6 |
- | 3.5101 | G-MgZn4SE1Zr1 | MAG5 | - | Chithunzi cha G-Z4TR | - | - | - | - |
- | 3.5103 | Mtengo wa MgSE3Zn2Zr1 | MAG6 | - | G-TR3Z2 | - | - | - | - |
- | 3.5106 | G-MgAg3SE2Zr1 | Chithunzi cha MAG12 | - | G-Ag22,5 | - | - | - | - |
- | 3.5812 | G-MgAl8Zn1 | MAG1 | - | G-A9 | - | - | - | - |
- | 3.5912 | G-MgAl9Zn1 | MAG7 | - | G-A9Z1 | - | - | - | - |
355.1 | - | G-AlSi5 | Chithunzi cha LM16 | - | AS4GU | - | - | 45300 | ALSi5Cu1 |
A380 | - | G-AlSi8Cu3 | LM24 | 4250 | A-S9U3 | AC4B | - | 46500 | AlSi9Cu3(Fe)(Zn) |
319 | - | G-AlSi6Cu4 | Mtengo wa LM21 | - | A-S5UZ | AC2A | - | 45000 | AlSi6Cu4 |
319.2 | - | G-AlSi6Cu4 | Mtengo wa LM22 | - | A-S5U | AC2A | - | 45400 | AlSi5Cu3 |
Zomwe Aluminiyamu Aloyi Timaponya ndi Njira Yopangira Mchenga:
• Cast Aluminium Alloy by China Standard: ZL101, ZL102, ZL104
• Cast Aluminium Alloy ndi USA Stardard: ASTM A356, ASTM A413, ASTM A360
• Cast Aluminium Alloy ndi Starndards ena: AC3A, AC4A, AC4C, G-AlSi7Mg, G-Al12
Zogwirizana | Chiyanjano cha Aluminium | Kuuma kwa BHN | Ultimate tensile mphamvu, MPa | Zokolola Mphamvu, MPa | Modulus of elasticity, GPA | Kutopa Mphamvu, MPa |
A03550 | AA355.0 | 75-105 | 255 | 185 | 70.3 | 69.0 |
A03600 | AA360.0 | 75.0 | 300 | 170 | 71.0 | 138.0 |
A03800 | AA380.0 | 80.0 | 317 | 159 | 71.0 | 138.0 |
A03830 | AA383.0 | 75.0 | 310 | 152 | / | 145.0 |
A03840 | AA384.0 | 85.0 | 331 | 165 | / | 140.0 |
A03900 | AA390.0 | 120.0 | 280 | 240 | 81.2 | 140.0 |
A04130 | AA413.0 | 80.0 | 296 | 145 | 71.0 | 130.0 |
A04430 | AA443.0 | 30-60 | 145 | 48.3 | 71.0 | / |
A05180 | AA518.0 | 80.0 | 310 | 193 | 69.0 | 160.0 |
Makhalidwe a Aluminium Alloy Castings:
• Kuponyera kumafanana ndi kuponyedwa kwazitsulo, koma mphamvu zamakina zimachepa kwambiri pamene makulidwe a khoma ukuwonjezeka.
• Makulidwe a khoma la ma castings asakhale aakulu kwambiri, ndipo mawonekedwe ena amafanana ndi zitsulo.
• Kulemera kopepuka koma kapangidwe kake
• Ndalama zoponyera pa kilogalamu ya zotayira za aluminiyamu ndizokwera kuposa zachitsulo ndi zitsulo.
• Ngati atapangidwa ndi njira yopangira ufa, mtengo wa nkhungu ndi chitsanzo udzakhala wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa njira zina zoponyera. Chifukwa chake, ma aluminiyamu oponyera mafelemu atha kukhala oyenera kuponyedwa mochuluka kwambiri.
Ma Chemical Composition of Investment Casting Aluminium Alloy ndi North America Specifications | ||||||||||||||
Gulu la Aloyi | Kufotokozera | Al | Cu | Si | Zn | Mg | Cr | Fe | Mn | Ti | Ag | Be | Ni | P |
A356-T6 | Mtengo wa AMS4218 | Bali | 0.20 | 6.5-7.5 | 0.10 | 0.25-0.45 | - | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.20 | - | -- | - | - |
ndi 357 | Mtengo wa AMS4219 | Bali | 0.20 | 6.5-7.5 | 0.10 | 0.40-.70 | - | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.04-0.20 | - | 0.04-0.07 | - | - |
ndi f357 | Mtengo wa AMS4289 | Bali | 0.20 | 6.5-7.5 | 0.10 | 0.40-.70 | - | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.04-0.20 | - | 0.002 | - | - |
ndi 357E | Mtengo wa AMS4288 | Bali | - | 6.5-7.5 | 0.10 | 0.55-0.60 | - | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10-0.20 | - | 0.002 | - | - |
A201 | Mtengo wa AMS4229 | Bali | 4.0-5.0 | 0.05 | - | 0.15-0.35 | - | 0.10 | 0.20-0.34 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.40-1.0 | - | - | - |
C355 | Mtengo wa AMS4215 | Bali | 1.0-1.5 | 4.5-5.5 | 0.10 | 0.40-0.60 | - | 0.20 | 0.10 max | 0.20 | - | - | - | - |
A206 | Mtengo wa AMS4235 | Bali | 4.2-5.0 | .05pa | 0.05 max | 0.20-0.35 | - | 0.10 ma | 0.20-0.50 | 0.15-0.30 | - | - | 0.5 max | - |
B206 | Bali | 4.2-5.0 | .05pa | 0.05 max | 0.15-0.35 | - | 0.10 max | 0.20-0.50 | 0 10 ku | - | - | 0.5 max | - |


